Legal Steps for Handling Road Accidents and Insurance Claims in Nepal

Road accidents are unfortunately common in Nepal, and most people panic when it happens — unsure of what to do, who to call, or how to claim insurance. But handling the situation calmly and following the right legal steps can protect your rights, prevent unnecessary disputes, and ensure you receive proper compensation. Whether you’re a driver, rider, passenger, or pedestrian, understanding the legal process is essential.

Here’s a clear, practical guide to what you must do immediately after an accident and how to process your insurance claim legally in Nepal.

Step 1: Ensure Safety and Call for Help

After a road accident:

• Stay calm
• Move to a safe location (if possible)
• Check for injuries
• Call 100 (Nepal Police) or nearest traffic police
• Call Ambulance: 102 / 104

Your safety always comes first.

Step 2: Do Not Run From the Accident Site

Leaving the scene can create a legal case against you.
Wait for the police to arrive unless you need urgent medical attention.

Step 3: Gather Evidence Immediately

Before the vehicles are moved, document the scene:

• Photos/videos of damage and injuries
• Vehicle numbers
• License plates
• Road conditions
• Witness details

This evidence becomes extremely important for insurance and police reporting.

Step 4: Exchange Information

Collect details of the other party:

• Name and phone number
• Citizenship or license
• Vehicle registration
• Insurance company and policy number

Do not engage in fights or arguments — keep communication simple.

Step 5: Report to the Nearest Police Office

Informing the police is legally required in Nepal for:

• Injuries
• Major property damage
• Disputes
• Insurance claims

The police will prepare:

• Accident Report
• Sketch map
• Statements from both parties

This police report is mandatory for insurance claims.

Step 6: Visit the Hospital (Even for Minor Injuries)

Hospitals provide a medical report, which is essential if:

• You need compensation
• Injuries appear later
• The case goes to court

Always keep medical bills, prescriptions, lab reports, and receipts.

Step 7: File an Incident Report for Insurance

Notify your insurance company within 24 to 48 hours.
Most insurance companies require:

• Police report
• Photos/videos
• Medical documents
• Vehicle registration
• Driving license
• Insurance policy

Delaying the report can lead to claim rejection.

Step 8: Insurance Surveyor Assessment

The insurance company will assign a surveyor to:

• Inspect the vehicle
• Check medical records
• Calculate repair costs
• Verify the accident details

Do NOT repair your vehicle before surveyor approval — doing so can void your claim.

Step 9: Claim Processing

Depending on the policy, insurance may cover:

• Medical expenses
• Vehicle repair
• Third-party damage
• Passenger injury
• Death or permanent disability

Submit all documents. Once verified, the insurer will release payment to you or the workshop.

What If the Other Party Caused the Accident?

If you are not at fault:

• File a police case with evidence
• Claim third-party liability insurance
• Seek compensation for medical costs, repairs, income loss, etc.

If the driver was drunk, reckless, or violated traffic laws, the case may go to court.

What If the Police Delay or Refuse to Register the Case?

You have the right to:

• File at District Police Office (DPO)
• File to Traffic Police Division
• Approach the Chief District Officer (CDO)
• Seek help from a legal professional

Common Reasons Insurance Claims Get Rejected

To avoid rejection:

• Do NOT flee the accident site
• Do NOT repair the vehicle before survey
• Do NOT hide details
• Do NOT delay reporting
• Do NOT drive without license or expired insurance

Final Thoughts

Road accidents are stressful, but knowing the legal steps makes everything easier — from dealing with police to processing insurance claims. Nepal’s traffic laws, insurance policies, and legal procedures all exist to protect you. Document the scene, stay calm, follow the steps, and seek legal guidance if needed. With the right approach, you can resolve the situation fairly and receive the compensation you deserve.